User Guide: GA12-N20 Metal Gear Series Motors

Specifications

• Voltage Range: 3V to 12V (Rated at 6V)
• No-Load Speed: 15 RPM (6V version)
• Stall Torque: Up to 10 kg·cm
• Rated Torque: 1.5 kg·cm
• Stall Current: 0.67A
• Gear Ratio: 1:1000 (varies based on model)
• Shaft Dimensions: 3mm diameter, 9mm length, D-shaped
• Weight: 12g
• Material: Full metal gearbox

Step 1: Understanding the Motor’s Components

• Motor Body: Houses the DC motor and gear assembly.
• Gearbox: Provides torque multiplication and speed reduction.
• Output Shaft: Transfers rotational motion to your device.
• Electrical Terminals: Two terminals are used to connect the motor to a power source or motor driver.

Step 2: Powering the Motor

1. Choose the Voltage:
   • Use 6V for optimal performance.
   • Operate between 3V to 12V if needed, but torque and speed will vary.
2. Connect to a Power Source:
   • Direct Connection: Attach the terminals to a DC power supply.
   • Motor Driver: Use a motor driver for speed control and reversing functionality.
3. Polarity: Swapping the terminals reverses the motor’s rotation direction.

Step 3: Mounting the Motor

1. Secure the Motor: Use a compatible motor bracket for stability. Ensure proper alignment to minimize vibration.
2. Attach the Shaft: Use couplers, gears, or wheels that match the 3mm D-shaped shaft. Tighten the screws or fix the attachment securely.

Step 4: Controlling the Motor

Manual Control

1. Use a variable DC power supply to adjust the voltage.
2. Increase voltage to speed up the motor; reduce it to slow down.

Microcontroller Control

1. Required Components:
   • Motor driver module (e.g., L298N, DRV8833).
   • Microcontroller (e.g., Arduino, Raspberry Pi).
2. Connections:
   • Connect the motor terminals to the motor driver outputs.
   • Connect the motor driver inputs to the microcontroller’s PWM pins.
   • Use a separate power supply for the motor if needed.
3. Programming: Write code to control motor speed and direction using PWM signals. Example: analogWrite(pin, value) In Arduino.

Step 5: Applications

• Robotics: Drive wheels, arms, or mechanisms in robotic projects.
• DIY Projects: Create model vehicles, automatic doors, or custom tools.
• Automation Systems: Use in conveyor belts, turntables, or precise position control systems.

Maintenance and Safety Tips

• Avoid Overloading: Do not exceed the rated torque to prevent gear or motor damage.
• Ventilation: Ensure proper airflow to keep the motor cool during extended use.
• Inspect Connections: Regularly check electrical and mechanical connections for wear or looseness.
• Use Protection: Add a diode for flyback protection when switching the motor.

Troubleshooting

• Motor Does Not Run: Check power supply voltage and connections.
• Motor Runs Erratically: Inspect for loose connections or damaged wires.
• Overheating: Reduce load or ensure adequate ventilation.

With proper use, the GA12-N20 Metal Gear Motor will provide reliable and precise performance for your projects. For specific models and additional details, always refer to the datasheet.